Fig. 4

The impact of Aq on the pro-inflammatory gene expression (IFNγ, IL1β, TNFα) (Panel A); catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (Panel B) and bacterial infection levels (Panel C) in infected gut tissue ex vivo. Gene expression data are expressed as 2−ΔΔCt; values are the mean of three test replicates relative to the reference gene 16 S RNA ribosomal subunit. The infection data is presented as CFU/ml lysate. The Student’s t-test was used to statistically compare the effect of AuraAqua. P values are indicated on the graphs. Experimental designed was produced using Biorender.com